Strona bierna w języku angielskim – The Passive (B1/B2)
Lipiec 25, 2022 Agata Pruszyńska
Strona bierna jest dość często używana w języku angielskim. Jest stosowana w języku formalnym. Jej budowa nie jest skomplikowana, jeżeli mamy dobrze opanowane angielskie czasy 🙂 Bez ich dobrej znajomości, nie ma sensu w ogóle się za nią zabierać. Jeżeli potrzebujecie powtórki z czasów gramatycznych, to zapraszam do tej zakładki – Angielski czasy.
W dzisiejszym wpisie omówię:
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zdania twierdzące w stronie biernej (The Passive),
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przeczenia w stronie biernej (The Passive),
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pytania w stronie biernej (The Passive).
Po części teoretycznej zapraszam na ćwiczenia, które przygotowałam specjalnie dla Was. Znajdziecie je tutaj – Strona bierna – Ćwiczenia.
Dzisiejszy wpis na pewno przyda się w szczególności osobom przygotowującym się do egzaminu B2 First (FCE). Oprócz nauki samodzielnej do egzaminu polecam również zapisanie się na profesjonalny kurs FCE online, na którym przygotujecie się do egzaminu razem z wykwalifikowanym lektorem języka angielskiego.
1. Zdania twierdzące w stronie biernej – The Passive
Stronę bierną w języku angielskim tworzymy przez odmianę czasownika ‘be’ w odpowiednim czasie i czasownik docelowy w III formie, jeżeli jest nieregularny lub z końcówką ‘-ed’, jeżeli jest regularny. Stronę bierną stosujemy, żeby położyć nacisk na rzecz zamiast osoby, która tą rzecz wykonuje. Na końcu zdania w stronie biernej możemy dodać osobę, przez którą dana czynność była wykonywana. Poniżej możecie zapoznać się z tym samym zdaniem odmienianym w poszczególnych czasach w stronie czynnej po lewej stronie oraz w stronie biernej po prawej stronie.
Możemy zauważyć, że w czasach Past Simple i Past Continuous wstawiamy w stronie biernej ‘BEING’, z kolei w czasach Perfect (Present Perfect, Past Perfect, Future Perfect) oraz w czasownikach modalnych w czasie przeszłym wstawiamy ‘BEEN’. W czasie przyszłym, strukturze ‘be going to’ oraz czasownikach modalnych wstawiamy w stronie biernej ‘BE’.
Present Simple
I write a book. A book is written (by me).
I write many books. Many books are written (by me).
Present Continuous
I am writing a book. A book is BEING written (by me).
I am writing many books. Many books are BEING written (by me).
Present Perfect Simple
I have written a book. A book has BEEN written (by me).
I have written many books. Many books have BEEN written (by me).
Past Simple
I wrote a book. A book was written (by me).
I wrote many books. Many books were written (by me).
Past Continuous
I was writing a book. A book was BEING written (by me).
I was writing many books. Many books were BEING written (by me).
Past Perfect Simple
I had written a book. A book had BEEN written (by me).
I had written many books. Many books had BEEN written (by me).
Future Simple
I will write a book. A book will BE written (by me).
I will write many books. Many books will BE written (by me).
Future Perfect Simple
I will have written a book. A book will have BEEN written (by me).
I will have written many books. Many books will have BEEN written (by me).
‘be going to’
I am going to write a book. A book is going to BE written (by me).
I am going to write many books. Many books are going to BE written (by me).
Modal Verbs
I have to write a book. A book has to BE written (by me).
I should write a book. A book should BE written (by me).
I might write a book. A book might BE written (by me).
I can write a book. A book can BE written (by me).
Modal Verbs (past forms)
You must have written a book. A book must have BEEN written (by you).
I should have written a book. A book should have BEEN written (by me).
Gerund
. I don’t like BEING told what to do.
be given, be awarded, be invited, etc.
I got a present from Julie. I was given a present.
They invited me to the party. I was invited to the party.
make somebody do something
My parents made me write a book. I was made TO write a book.
2. Przeczenia w stronie biernej – The Passive
Przeczenia w stronie biernej we wszystkich czasach tworzymy w ten sam sposób, a mianowicie przez wstawienie słówka ‘not’.
A book isn’t written by me.
Many books aren’t written by me.
A book isn’t being written by me.
Many books aren’t being written by me.
A book hasn’t been written by me.
Many books haven’t been written by me.
A book wasn’t written by me.
Many books weren’t written by me.
A book wasn’t being written by me.
Many books weren’t being written by me.
A book hadn’t been written by me.
Many books hadn’t been written by me.
A book won’t be written by me.
Many books won’t be written by me.
A book won’t have been written by me.
Many books won’t have been written by me.
A book isn’t going to be written by me.
Many books aren’t going to be written by me.
A book shouldn’t be written by me.
A book might not be written by me.
A book can’t be written by me.
I wasn’t given a present.
I wasn’t invited to the party.
I wasn’t made to write a book.
3. Pytania w stronie biernej – The Passive
Pytania w stronie biernej tworzymy w bardzo prosty sposób, a mianowicie zamieniamy kolejnością podmiot (rzecz / osobę) z czasownikiem, który stoi bezpośrednio przy podmiocie.
Is a book written by me?
Are many books written by me?
Is a book being written by me?
Are many books being written by me?
Has a book been written by me?
Have many books been written by me?
Was a book written by me?
Were many books written by me?
Was a book being written by me?
Were many books being written by me?
Had a book been written by me?
Had many books been written by me?
Will a book be written by me?
Will many books be written by me?
Will a book have been written by me?
Will many books have been written by me?
Is a book going to be written by me?
Are many books going to be written by me?
Should a book be written by me?
Might a book be written by me?
Can a book be written by me?
Was I given a present?
Was I invited to the party?
Was I made to write a book?
Jeżeli interesuje Was angielska gramatyka, to zapraszam do pozostałych wpisów, które znajdziecie tutaj – Angielski gramatyka.
Udanej nauki języka angielskiego i do zobaczenia w kolejnym wpisie! 🙂
